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A SCHOOL HISTORY OF THE GREAT WAR
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A SCHOOL HISTORY OF THE GREAT WAR
BY ALBERT E. McKINLEY, PH.D.
PROFESSOR OF HISTORY, UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA CHARLES A. COULOMB, PH.D.
DISTRICT SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS, PHILADELPHIA AND ARMAND J. GERSON, PH.D.
DISTRICT SUPERINTENDENT OF SCHOOLS, PHILADELPHIA
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Copyright, 1918, by
Albert E. McKinley, Charles A. Coulomb, and Armand J. Gerson
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PREFACE
This brief history of the world's greatest war was prepared upon the
suggestion of the National Board for Historical Service. Its purpose is to
expand into an historical narrative the outline of the study of the war which
the authors prepared for the Board and which was published by the United
States Bureau of Education as Teachers' Leaflet No. 4, in August, 1918. The
arrangement of chapters and the choice of topics have been largely determined
by the various headings in the outline for the course in grades seven and
eight.
The authors trust that the simple presentation here given may aid in
developing a national comprehension of the issues involved in the war; and
they hope it may play some part in preparing the American people for the
solution of the great problems which lie immediately before us.
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CONTENTS
CHAPTER
I. EUROPE BEFORE THE GREAT WAR 5
II. WHY GERMANY WANTED WAR 27
III. GERMAN MILITARISM 34
IV. INTERNATIONAL LAW AND THE HAGUE CONFERENCES 38
V. INTERNATIONAL JEALOUSIES AND ALLIANCES 48
VI. THE BALKAN STATES 59
VII. THE BEGINNINGS OF THE GREAT WAR 67
VIII. THE WAR IN 1914 77
IX. THE WAR IN 1915 95
X. THE WAR IN 1916 107
XI. THE WAR IN 1917 118
XII. THE WAR IN 1918 135
XIII. THE UNITED STATES IN THE WAR 152
XIV. QUESTIONS OF THE COMING PEACE 168
CHRONOLOGY—Principal Events of the War 181
INDEX 190
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A School History of the Great War
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CHAPTER I
EUROPE BEFORE THE GREAT WAR
To understand the Great War it is not sufficient to read the daily happenings
of military and naval events as they are told in newspapers and magazines. We
must go back of the facts of to-day and find in national history and personal
ambition the causes of the present struggle. Years of preparation were
necessary before German military leaders could convert a nation to their
views, or get ready the men, munitions, and transportation for the war they
wanted. Conflicts of races for hundreds of years have made the southeastern
part of Europe a firebrand in international affairs. The course of the Russian
revolution has been determined largely by the history of the Russian people
and of the Russian rulers during the past two centuries. The entrance of
England and Italy into the war against Germany was in each case brought about
by causes which came into existence long before August, 1914. A person who
understands, even in part, the causes of this great struggle, will be in a
better position to realize why America entered the war and what our nation is
fighting for. And better yet, he will be more ready to take part in settling
the many problems of peace which must come after the war is over. For these
reasons, the first few chapters of this book are devoted to a study of the
important facts of recent European history.
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